Dale's Cone of Experience

In the learning process, every human being has the ability to absorb information differently. information obtained is influenced by their experiences in the learning process. It was stated by Edgar Dale (1969) in his theory which summarized in a cone of experience.

Heidi Milia Anderson, Ph.D.:

Dale’s Cone of Experience is a model that incorporates several theories related to instructional design and learning processes. During the 1960s, Edgar Dale theorized that learners retain more information by what they “do” as opposed to what is “heard”, “read” or “observed”. His research led to the development of the Cone of Experience. Today, this “learning by doing” has become known as “experiential learning” or “action learning”. The cone is diagramed and explained in the next sections.

From the cone of experience, it can be concluded that the process of human remembering would be better if he do (demonstrate) directly what he learned.

Therefore, learning media is necessary to conduct the learning process "directly". ICT is an indispensable learning media at this time. By using ICT, the learning process will be more interesting and of course the students can remember the learning materials properly in accordance to Dale's theory  above.

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Cognitivism Learning Theory

Cognitive (thinking / mental process) is a theory that prioritizes the learning process than the outcome of the process itself. In addition, students are also required to take an active role in the learning process, aiming to allow the students to interact.

This theory suggests that learning is not a burden, but learning is a necessity for the individual. The learning that undertaken is an effort to provide assistance to students in acquiring new information or knowledge, where the knowledge that already possessed by students will be equipped with new knowledge they gained.

Stages of cognitive development (Piaget, 1929 to 1980):

1. Sensorimotor stage: from birth to age 2. Children experience the world through movement and senses (use five senses to explore the world). During the sensorimotor stage children are extremely egocentric, meaning they cannot perceive the world from others' Viewpoints. The sensorimotor stage is Divided into six sub stages: "(1) simple reflexes, (2) first habits and primary circular reactions, (3) secondary circular reactions, (4) coordination of secondary circular reactions, (5) tertiary circular reactions, novelty, and curiosity; and (6) internalization of schemes.”
2. Preoperational stage: from ages 2 to 7 (magical thinking predominates; the motor skills are acquired). Egocentrism begins strongly and then weakens. Children cannot conserve or use logical thinking.
3. Concrete operational stage: from ages 7 to 11 (children begin to think logically but are very concrete in their thinking). Children can now conserve and think logically but only with practical aids. They are no longer egocentric.
4. Formal operational stage: from age 11-16 and onward (development of abstract reasoning). Children develop abstract thought and can easily conserve and think logically in their mind. source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Piaget

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SUMPIT WATERFALL

One of many tourism object in Sekadau regency is Sumpit waterfall.

Sumpit waterfall is located in Sumpit village, Belitang Hilir distric, Sekadau regency West Borneo.

takes three hours to get there from Sekadau city. first we take road trip, then take a boat to reach the village and again we take road trip about 15 kilo meters from Sungai Ayak city.This waterfall is about 50 meters height and under the waterfall,  there is a cave called the Ratu Kodong cave. it was called Ratu Kodong Because it was the place of Queen Kodong's hermitage  in the past.

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